This paper explains two meanings and functions of -tasiphi. The -tasiphi of naltasiphi is the ending that forms manner adverbials, and the -tasiphi in asitasiphi is the ending that forms speech-acts adverbials. These two kinds of -tasiphi have different syntactic and semantic characteristics. Syntactically, the group of naltasiphi is placed before a verb. Furthermore, the group asitasiphi is typically placed at the beginning of a sentence. In addition, the group naltasiphi cannot take -ess-, -keyss- because the event that is presented by the group of naltasiphi is the same as the event that is presented by the verb of main clause. Thus, the group of naltasiphi is infinite. The group of asitasiphi is finite because they present an event different from the event of main clause. This paper observes that the group of asitasiphi is the consequence of grammaticalization of the group of naltasiphi. This is because manner adverbials are inclined to be speech acts adverbials typologically. Furthermore, the group of asitasiphi has a function as a discourse marker.

This paper investigates specificational pseudoclefts and their inverted counterparts in Korean in light of the difference that kes-cleft clauses in the former have with those in the latter. We argue that the kes cleft clause in specificational pseudoclefts has a null operator displaced to its left periphery and enters into labeling, its label thereby being composed of uninterpretable formal features. This is how the kes cleft clause in point behaves like an expletive. The consequence is that it is not allowed to occur in a theta-marked position such as the complement of a copula or others. We also show that the kes clause can be analyzed not as a cleft clause, but as a relative clause construction where kes is a relative head. It will be shown that unlike the kes cleft clause, the relative clause construction with the kes head is evidently not an expletive, denoting a non-human entity.

The major goal of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of two major approaches to post-nominal numeral classifier (post-NC) constructions, claiming that a predication approach, where an associate NP and a numeral-classifier (NC) complex are taken to be a subject and a predicate, respectively, is more tenable than a non-predication approach. As convincingly shown in Y.-T. Hong (2019), previous studies under the non-predication view are problematic in that they fail to properly capture several properties. However, although Y.-T. Hong is correct in showing the problematic aspects of the non-predication approach, his own 'inverted predication analysis,' which considers the associate NP as a predicate and the Num-Cl complex as a subject, is not unproblematic. After demonstrating that the inverted predication analysis poses some problems, we suggest an alternative version of predication analysis by adapting S.-Y. Park's (2009, 2017) and Park and Park's (2019) analyses.

This study stems from the recognition that there is a need for methods to strengthen the grammar evaluation characteristics of preservice Korean language teachers. A 'Grammar Evaluation Skills Assessment' form was introduced therefore in this research, to first examine the competence and characteristics on grammar evaluation of preservice Korean language teachers. Using the Grammar Evaluation Skills Assessment, the following four teaching errors were found: (1) the lack of teachers' awareness on the learners' attempts to use new grammar forms, (2) teaching complex grammar structures that exceed the learners' competence, (3) excessive modification of word orders and expressions that the learners produced, and (4) varying degree of awareness among teachers on Korean grammar errors. A few additional aspects such as 'deviating from the target grammar form' and 'failure to capture specific meaning of a grammar form which has several uses' were also found, when providing further explanations on learner's grammar errors. This study reveals that practical training, which emphasizes 'common grammar error detection', 'corrections with minimal edits, based on the learners' level', and 'providing right amount of relevant knowledge in the right moment' are essential in order to improve the grammar evaluation skills of preservice Korean language teachers. This article expects to guide preservice teachers to assess and supplement their weakness in advance, and to open up more discussions on improving the grammar evaluation skills of Korean educators.

This paper proposes that the concept of the modified 'theme' can include all of the syntactic surplus constituents and established theme. These two classes of expressions share the grammatical status of independent constituent and pragmatic relation of topic-comment. Furthermore, these can be categorized into the modified theme. The defining feature that a theme must be a bare NP is no longer important in the concept of the modified theme. Thereby the differences between syntactic surplus constituent and the established theme function as the criteria that subclass the modified theme. Eventually, my new proposal dispenses with the confusion of syntax with pragmatics that occurs in the concept of the syntactic topic.

This study analyzes the curricula, department names, and established courses of Chineserelated departments in Korean universities, and identifies curricular problems to explore solutions to the identified problems. The object of the analysis includes all departments of Chinese-related studies, including both public and private universities in Korea.

This paper proposes that the names of the country Sinla in the earlier period of the kingdom, like Salo (斯盧), Selapel (徐羅伐) do not originate from the meaning of 'east side (東方),' but from the meaning of 'new heaven and earth.' Numerous attempts have been made to clarify the meanings and forms of the names of Sinla. However, these attempts have not been successful. Comparing forms and meanings of the various names of Sinla by way of 'ladder-form' investigation, we arrive at the conclusion that /*sΛy/ tentatively reconstructed form of sa (斯) part of *Salo corresponds to sae (新) in Modern Korean, and /*nV/ tentatively reconstructed form of lo (盧) of Salo corresponds to nwuli, nwi, or nwu (世上) etc. in Modern Korean. It is evident that the phonemic shape of /*sΛy/ is similar to /sε/ corresponding to the meaning of the first part of Sinla (新羅), not to correspond to 'eastern' meaning. And the second part of Salo can be reconstructed as /*nV/, which can explain the forms of nwuli (by adding suffix *_li), nwi, or nwu in Modern Korean. Historical facts also support the /*sΛy/ hypothesis. Samkwuksaki (三國 史記) described the event that the king of Mahan (馬韓) reprimanded the delegates of Cinhan (辰韓) [indicating Sinla] for not providing tributes in the year of Hyekkesey (赫居世) 38. This means that Sinla was a sort of subject state, presupposing an event of other country's invading and conquering the pre-Sinla territory, and estabishing a new country. So, the word meaning 'new' was introduced in its name. The mythical approach also suggests that some other country's invading event took place before that time.

This study examines some documentary characteristics and grammatical aspects of the connectives in Korean Grammatical Forms. First of all, I discuss the organization of the first edition (1894) and the revised edition (1916) and the differences between them. Grammatical phenomena discussed in the first edition were described in a more systematic and regular way in the revised edition. Next, I explain why the revised edition dealt with connectives in the 'endings and connectives' section. The 'endings and connectives' section dealt with broader usage patterns and constraints. Then, I look at how the grammatical descriptions of connectives in the revised edition were done. Lastly, I explain the significance of the grammatical descriptions in terms of Korean language education.

This paper studies domain-dependent implicit sentiment expressions in earthquake-related social media texts. In sentiment analysis, domain-dependent implicit sentiment expressions are difficult to estimate and recognize, which often results in the depreciation of system performance. In this study, we analyzed two types of implicit sentiment expressions that may occur in the causal clause of the sentence conveying 'fear' sentiment: {simple predicate} type such as 'collapse' and {complex predicate} such as 'blow up'. When these clauses appear without main clauses that express explicit sentiments such as 'anxiety' or 'panic', they imply the omitted sentiment and thus implicitly express certain sentiments by themselves. The DECO T-Crawler platform was used to collect earthquake-related data in social media texts and the DECO Korean dictionary and local-grammar graph formalism were used to the corpus. The performance of resources built in this study showed 84.5% accuracy in a test corpus, which is about 23% higher than the accuracy expected when using only sentiment-conveying words.

A language and its culture are inseparable in terms of foreign language education. A higher level of communication is possible only with basic knowledge and understanding of someone else's culture. As the first thesis out of thematic research series with respect to culture contents of eleven Chinese Language I high school textbooks, this study is designed to raise an issue on the 'greetings' section introduced in the cultural realm of the subject textbooks and suggest the background and development process of the greetings that need supplementary explanation.